Monday, January 27, 2020

Foxconn Suicides Case Study

Foxconn Suicides Case Study Introduction Foxconn Technology Group is a subsidiary of Hon Hai Precision Industry Company Ltd, a Taiwanese company which is a major electronics manufacturer catering to famous-name brands including Sony, Apple and Nokia. With the first manufacturing plant established in Shenzhen, China in 1988, around 450,000 workers are now employed at the Foxconn City, which intends to act as both working and leisure place to the employees. Foxconn has been involved in several controversies, relating to how it manages employees. It is mostly known by the public for the series of suicides in 2010. The 2010 Foxconn suicides occurred between January and November, 2010, when eighteen Foxconn employees, aging from 18 to 24, attempted suicide with fourteen deaths. Though investigation has found that employees personal problems may cause them to commit suicide, low income, enormous working pressure and a lack of communication opportunity are commonly accounted for the incidence. The suicides drew much media attention and in this project, we will focus on analyzing the managerial problems of Foxconn which lead to the incidence and the effectiveness of the measures taken by Foxconn after the incidence to alleviate those problems. Management problems: Military leadership style Many reports suggested that Foxconns leadership style is the culprit for continuous suicides. They argued that manufacturing workers also need a warm and supportive working environment which was the opposite of Foxconn practices. Almost every worker needs to stand to work 12 hours a day intensively so as to maintain their live with the low wages. As they do not have other qualifications, they have no choice but have to choose this kind of harsh jobs said a first-line manager in Foxconn. After a series of suicides happen in Foxconn, a reporter slipped into the company for 30 days. He found that the environment inside the factory was more terrible than imagine. For instance, no one can leave for a minute for washroom unless he can find someone to replace his duty. It shows that even peoples basic needs are ignored. In addition, Foxconn stresses heavily on execution and efficiency although it never delivers compensation late. Some workers point out that whenever your boss gives out command, the only respond you can give is Yes or OK. You cannot be suspicious for a second. The only thing you can do is follow his order and delegate the work to your subordinates. In other words, manufacturing workers get extremely low status in the industry. With low status, workers duty is to listen and follow their instructions, workers should have no say to what they can do. We are pretty sure that this kind of military management is unethical as they simply ignore the basic human needs. If we apply the motivation theory-Maslows Hierarchy of Needs to Foxconn, they cannot even fulfill the most basic physiological needs like sufficient rest time for the prolonged working hours. Ranging from work conditions to worker status, Foxconn fails to fulfill those hygiene factors( dissatisfiers) according to Fredrick Herzberg s Two-Factor Theory. Both of the theories above show us clearly that worker will get dissatisfied with this military leadership style. The strict and inconsiderate leadership style explains why Foxconn was blamed to be inhuman causing endless suicides. Rewarding policies From the view of motivating and rewarding employees, some believe that a string of  suicides at Foxconn has highlighted what some say that the minimal pay of 900 RMB is exploitative. We shall examine the issue and analyze rewarding policies of Foxconn. With respect to the monetary rewards, it is laudable that Foxconn has signed labor contract with their workers and pay their basic salaries on time. However, they set the minimum wage in Shenzhen, 900RMB, as the basic salary of workers in the factory before tragedy happened. In fact, the so-called basic salary is not enough to guarantee workers even the basic standard of living. They are long overdue for significant pay raises and the factory pay has not kept pace with inflation over the past decade that makes their lives hard. We may find that the monetary reward offered by Foxconn is insufficient to satisfy even the physiological needs of workers. It is very likely that workers will get more depressed when their job is overwhelming stressful at low pay level. Suicide attempts are usually preceded by a period of serious depression. It is easy to understand that the low pay can induce suicide with tremendous pressure faced by factory workers every day. After several suicides, Foxconn has reached a preliminary agreement on pension and maintenance payments with the bereaved families that Foxconn would make a 360,000 RMB pension payment to those families and offered maintenance payments of 30,000 RMB per year. This practice intensifies the suicidal problem. The original intention of this measure is to pacify the bereaved families, comfort employees after a series of suicide events and at the same time, relief the pressure from public. However, for those workers who are dissatisfied with their lives at Foxconn, huge amount of compensation induces them to end their life as they find it more preferable. The pension payment, being the culprit of suicides, is achieving the opposite. The dearth of non-monetary rewards also results in a string of suicides at Foxconn. Under the military leadership style, being blamed is one of the job duties. Non-monetary rewards like praise, status promotions or privileges are simply impossible. For general companies, not having any non-monetary or intrinsic rewards is not the critical problem. It is a different story for Foxconn and they become extremely important when monetary and extrinsic rewards are far from sufficient to satisfy workers. It acts as the supplements or compensation to workers with low pay. Unfortunately, Foxconn just does the opposite. There is neither significant extrinsic reward nor any form of intrinsic rewards. Worse still, they tend to punish rather than encourage workers when they get mistakes. All the above rewarding policies fuel the suicide problem. Communication opportunity Communication with peers is important to express their ups and downs and relieve their stress. Developing the social network in the industry would also enhance the job satisfaction and sense of belongings to the company. However, there is a lack of communication in Foxconn. When they are working, workers cannot talk with each other, or else there will be disciplinary action. After work, they seldom talks with their roommates, since they either have to work overtime or need to take a rest after long working hours. After the first few suicides, Foxconn carries out a number of measures. For example, managers buy information with monetary incentive. Whenever workers report employees with psychological problem, two hundred dollar is rewarded. This practice further worsens the relationship between peers, supervisors and subordinates as it weakens the trust between workers, making it more difficult for them to share freely with their peers. When employees are not satisfied with the working environment and have nobody to talk to, their stress level will add up. And one day they can no longer withstand the stress and end their lives to get rid of the work. Fairness Have you ever imagined that the unfair treatments in the work place would induce people to commit suicide? People in this generation pay more attention to the fairness. However, unfair affairs exist in Foxconn. There are rumors that security guards maintain order according to their personal mood, rather than the regulations of the company. Whenever one of the guards does not get along with you, you will be beaten for whatever reasons. One example will be Mr Leung. Some said that he spit to the guard after being dressed down and jumped from the roof the other day. Another example will be the management by Mr Kwok, the chairperson of Foxconn. He was born and educated in Taiwan. That is why he is criticized of preferential treating towards Taiwanese. He often employs Taiwanese to manage Chinese and rewards are different between employees from different origins. Taiwanese have a higher salaries and bonus than Chinese at the same level. It is true that we cannot check whether the above claims are correct or not. However, discrimination is not uncommon in the real society as we can think and thus it may be the fault of Foxconn not to balance the interests of different parties which directly leads to continuous suicides. With the workers being treated differently and nowhere to complain, they can only endure to it. When it comes to the end of ones patience, some of them choose to end their lives. Measures taken by the Foxconn Group: After the consecutive tragedies, the Foxconn Group had adopted various measures to prevent employees from committing suicide again. These measures included: 1.) Increase in workers wages. The management raised the wages of all production line workers by 30%. And for the production line operators in Shenzhen, their basic salaries and wages were raised from 1,200 yuan to 2,000 yuan per month. 2.) Set up of Safety Net The company set up a rigid Safety Net within the staff residential areas, which occupied for over 150 million square meters of spaces, thus to avoid the death of any worker directly if they intended to jump off the roof downwards. 3.) Establishment of the Caring Team Foxconn had divided their workers into groups of 50 people, known as the Caring Team, and their responsibilities included giving cares and love to each other, and to report any unusual emotional changes of their co-workers. 4.) Counselors availability to assist the workers At the time after the incident, the company had already trained 1000 psychological counselors. They were sent to the factory to provide counseling, guidance and assistance to the workers via the psychological consultation hotline. 5.) Mandatory Psychological test Once new workers were employed after the incident, they should undergo an in-depth mandatory psychological test to evaluate their mental health and provided better guidance on how they could work happily in the future. To conclude, these measures aimed at preventing the same incident from happening again. Criticisms on the measures taken by the company Despite the several measures adopted by the company, did they really benefit the workers permanently? Or did they only bring temporary effects? It was surprising to discover that there were still cases of workers committing suicide shortly after all the above measures were implemented, which gave us the solid evidence that the measures might not be as effective as the managers expected and could not root out the problem. 1. Short-sighted measures without long-term consideration The above measures could be said to be effective in dealing with short term problems, yet it might not be long-term considered enough. For example, the set up of Safety Net could only enforce workers not to jump downwards from their roof, but it could not solve the workers dissatisfaction towards the company and enhance workers morale in long-term. Some even argue that the establishment of safety net shows the cool-blooded attitude of Foxconn towards workers. 2. Not sufficient psychological support Although the company sets up a psychological consultation hotline, helping employees to relieve their stress, this measure is quite passive and the number of employees being helped is limited. Top managers only select 1000 employees to take a training course of psychological consultation. Eighty of them pass the exam helping employees who cannot deal with stress. But, these eighty helpers, relative to over four hundred thousand of employees, are insufficient to prevent suicide from happening again. We doubt whether it is the effective method to prevent suicide and help employees. 3. Insufficient improvement in satisfying different needs According to Maslows hierarchy of needs, it states clearly that different needs ranging from physiological needs to self-actualization and esteem needs, such intrinsic values are the most crucial ingredient in the recipe of motivating workers. However, what Foxconn offered were far from fully satisfying workers fundamental needs (ie, financial security), not to mention what measures did Foxconn implement to satisfy workers social needs. Although they set up the caring team to show their love to workers, whether it works is in doubt. Can the need of social network be simply replaced by the so-called caring team? The act of suicides proves its effectiveness. Being ignored the intrinsic needs, workers hardly find the feeling of satisfactory and recognition from the work. Our Suggestions To coop with the incident, we ought to think of some more probable ways, which are listed in the following: 1. An increase in wages and a reduction on working hours Most of the workers in Foxconn endured their tiredness by standing for over 10 hours per day, with 6 days per week without adequate rest. The reason that workers choose to work overtime was that the wages were still far from enough for them, even after the little raise in the wages . By increasing the wages, workers no longer need to suffer from the extremely long working hours. If we want to save workers lives, we should first make sure that they get sufficient salary to maintain their lives. 2. Satisfying different needs Under the Maslows Hierarchy of Needs, social need like affection, belongingness and friendship is one of the essential needs for workers to get work. Apart from encouraging workers to make friends with others so as to alleviate the psychological problems, they should also encourage them to relax by having some leisure activities. Though Foxconn has good relaxing facilities like recreation centre for chess, mountain climbing and fishing, they never promote and encourage workers to enjoy them. From the Shanghai-based China Business News reported, Researchers questioned 1,736 employees and found they worked an average of 83.2 hours of overtime a month that is more than twice the maximum of 36 hours allowed under Chinese law. Workers work numerous overtime and thus they do not have time to enjoy those facilities. If Foxconn can truly allow workers to enjoy these facilities, workers would definitely gain a better sense of belonging and the morale would thus be enhanced greatly as differen t needs are satisfied. Google which provides its workers a comprehensive working environment and encourages them to enjoy it is a successful example. For instance, swimming pool, 24-hour canteen and gymnastics facilities are all free to use for every employee. Although Foxconn might not be necessary to imitate Google in such ways, it should consider deeply on how it can provide better environment to workers. 3. Means to let workers assure of a more certain future The suicide cases increase workers fears towards their future. They feel devastated and uncomfortable to what the public said and even lose confidence on Foxconn. These emotional effects can be disastrous if Foxconn cannot handle it well. We believe that more resources should be spent to stabilize workers emotion. Foxconn should first explain clearly why several workers committed suicide and hence encourage the remaining to cherish their lives. Secondly, several means should be provided to help workers establish their career paths with promising future so as to reduce their uncertainty about the future. If so, it is believed that the working pressure as well as the turnover rate of current workers would be decreased significantly. Eventually, the occurrence of suicides of workers could be diminished. Conclusion Deficiencies in management inevitably account for the series of suicides. The incidence, perhaps, is an alarm to Foxconn for the urge of a change in its management style. Is military leadership still viable and suitable? Or another style, a more caring one should be adopted to encourage workers? Instead of thinking how employees can benefit the company, it is more appropriate for Foxconn to think about how they can benefit the employees and get high productivity in return. The essence of the problem is simple: even human needs are not satisfied in Foxconn. But up to now, measures taken to tackle the problem, mostly short term, are far from satisfactory, or even worsen it. Apparently, these measures do not get to the root of the problem. To alleviate the dissatisfaction of workers, long term solutions to regain employees confidence towards Foxconn are the only way out.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Every Child A Reader Program (ECARP) Essay

Goals Activity/ies Target Venue Participants Budget Allocation Funding Source Improve reading and numeracy skills of grades 1 – 3 pupils following the revised K to 12 program; Strengthen teachers’ capacity to teach and assess reading and numeracy skills effectively; Strengthen school heads basic literacy and numeracy skills as instructional managers, supervisors; Improve management and administration of  the program (includes planning, operations, sharing and implementing best practices (including action research), monitoring and networking). Set reading and numeracy standards; and  Establish a reading and numeracy program and a sustainable professional development system. Mentoring / Learning Partnership by division or by cluster following the Department of Education Model to Enhance Teaching and Learning Selection of Division School Mentors/Learning Partners (1 grade I teacher per school Direct training of mentors/ Learning partners with all Division School Administrators Trained at least 1 grade 1 teacher per school who will serve as the Learning Partner (Mentor) Region III 6,421/50 – 129 DepEd RO3 Conference Hall All Division Education Program Specialist for Mother Tongue, Filipino and English School Manager of the Selected School 1 Teacher/Mentor/Learning Partner 80% 0f the 1.1M 880,000.00/20 divisions= 44,000.00 training assistance per division Or 880,000/5 Clusters= 176,000.00 (Trainings shall be conducted by the Regional Office) ECARP funds On-the-Ground Mentoring/ Learning Partnership SLAC/ DisLAC to discuss, address, and plan the following: 1. Issues and Concerns in Teaching Reading 2. Reading Lesson Plans 3. Development of Teaching/Learning Materials Monitoring and Evaluation Provision of additional technical assistance Respective divisions All Division Education Program Specialist for Mother Tongue, Filipino and English School Manager of the Selected School 1 Teacher/Mentor/Learning Partner 20% of the 1.1M 220,000.00 (support to School-based Mentoring/Learning Partnership Program – SLAC) Ecarp Funds Total Budget Allocation 1.1 Million

Saturday, January 11, 2020

A Cultural Criticism Of Kite Runner by Khaled Hoesseini Essay

How high could a kite fly?: a cultural criticism of Kite Runner by Khaled Hoesseini   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is a saying that cultural contacts sometimes bring the worst of two cultures. It could be true but it also an illusion because of unchanging thinking on the relationship between people.   And culture is all about relationship of people. What happens when people from different ethnic background and religions are caught up in cascading events in a changing world? What if the culture which binds or more accurate divides people is essentially ancient and has remain unchanged through the years, generation after, generation.   And what happens if the â€Å"now’s† world politics suddenly has suddenly broken the spell and subjected people to reality. This is the basic motif or thematic thread of the Kite Runner. See more: Foot Binding In China essay A novel set in Afghanistan, an ancient land, of ancient culture in the the 1960s up the 1980s when the Taliban came into power in Afghanistan, the Kite Runner chronicles a strange friendship between two people from different ethnicity, religion and socio-economic status. It is a study of contrasts as told by the main character Amir. To understand Amir and the characters set in a mosaic of contrasting and sometimes sharp contrast is to understand the cultural milieu of the ancient culture of Afghanistan based on Islam. This is no easy thing to do because of the matter of point of view. In the case of the Kite Runner or perhaps in any narrative, there are two point of views.   The point of view of the author and the point of â€Å"culture† as to the events and characters being described by the author. In the Kite Runner, the point of view is definitely modern – the narrative is excellent as shown by the superb weaving of the textual logic and the plot contemporary. The plot and characters As told by Amir, the story revolves around his friendship with Hassan the son of Amir’s father’s servant. It tells a story of betrayal, redemption and finally escape to freedom. Amir is Pashtoon and Hassan is Hazara. Pashtoon and Hazara are two of the ethnic groups in Afghanistan. From the novel, it appeared that the Hazara is discriminated upon or looked down on as revealed in the the following passage when Amir and Hassan are growing up:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One day, we were walking from my father’s house to Cinema Zainab for a new Iranian  movie, taking the shortcut through the military barracks near Istiqlal Middle School-Baba  had forbidden us to take that shortcut, but he was in Pakistan with Rahim Khan at the time.  We hopped the fence that surrounded the barracks, skipped over a little creek, and broke into  the open dirt field where old, abandoned tanks collected dust. A group of soldiers huddled  in the shade of one of those tanks, smoking cigarettes and playing cards. One of them saw  us, elbowed the guy next to him, and called Hassan.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Hey, you!† he said. â€Å"I know you.†Ã‚  We had never seen him before. He was a squatty man with a shaved head and black stubble  on his face. The way he grinned at us, leered, scared me. â€Å"Just keep walking,† I muttered to Hassan. (Kite Runner, p 6-7)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"You! The Hazara! Look at me when I’m talking to you!† the soldier barked He handed  his cigarette to the guy next to him, made a circle with the thumb and index finger of one  hand. Poked the middle finger of his other hand through the circle. Poked it in and out.  In and out. â€Å"I knew your mother, did you know that? I knew her real good. I took her from behind by that creek over there.†Ã‚  The soldiers laughed. One of them made a squealing sound. I told Hassan to keep walking,  keep walking.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What a tight little sugary cunt she had!† (Kite Runner, p 6-7) This passage revealed a lot on the circumstances surrounding the two friends. Hassan was called by a soldier, â€Å"Hazara† and specifically pointed at Hassan just to taunt him, telling him that his mother is prostitute. From this passage, the two lads are simply out to watch an Iranian movie partaking of what little leisure their culture has to offer when they are confronted by the soldiers.   It is understandable that Amir could not defend his friend and hence he took evasive action.   It also showed the meek character of Hassan. The characterization of Amir and Hassan is set early in the novel. The circumstances of their births are telling of the subjugation and desperation of an ethnic group. The contrast is revealed in this passage:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was in that small shack that Hassan’s mother, Sanaubar, gave birth to him one cold winter day in 1964. While his mother hemorrhaged to death during childbirth, Hassan lost his less than a week after he was born. Lost her to a fate most Afghans considered far worse than death. She ran off with a clan of traveling singers and dancer. (Kite Runner, p 6-7)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both Amir and Hassan lost their mothers upon birth with Amir’s mother dying of hemorrhage giving birth while Hassan was born with not much problem as implied by the quick recovery of his mother. But she ran away apparently not wanting the responsibility of raising a child. This passage is revealing of the harsh reality of Hazara woman and how harsh her reaction could be as depicted in the novel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"the moment Sanaubar had given birth to Hassan. It had been a simple enough affair. No obstetricians, no anesthesiologists, no fancy monitoring devices. Just Sanaubar lying on a stained, naked mattress with Ali and a midwife helping her. She hadn’t needed much help at all, because, even in birth, Hassan was true to his nature: He was incapable of hurting anyone. A few grunts, a couple of pushes, and out came Hassan. Out he came smiling. As confided to a neighbor’s servant by the garrulous midwife, who had then in turn told anyone who would listen, Sanaubar had taken one glance at the baby in Ali’s arms, seen the cleft lip, and barked a bitter laughter. â€Å"There,† she had said. â€Å"Now you have your own idiot child to do all your smiling for you!† She had refused to even hold Hassan, and just five days later, she was gone.† (Kite Runner, p 9-10)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This early in the novel, how the characters would develop has already been foretold. The novel’s author, included the phrase â€Å"true his nature, incapable of hurting anyone† in referring to Hassan. A gentle soul, helpless and innocent amid the torrid racial, economic and political cauldron that is Afghanistan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ethnic intolerance is a pervading theme in Kite Runner and there are many scenes showing this. In another passage, Hassan was taunted and called him â€Å"flat-nosed† referring to the physical features of Hassan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is interesting to point out, that this tale is in the point of view of Amir, a Pashtoon, an ethnic group which Amir found out later that his people have subjugated the Hazaras. This is the turning point of Amir’s understanding of Hassan and critical to the development of the novel and Amir’s actions much later in the book. The passage reflects the contrast between Amir and Hassan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Then one  day, I was in Baba’s study, looking through his stuff, when I found one of my mother’s old  history books. It was written by an Iranian named Khorami. I blew the dust off it, sneaked it  into bed with me that night, and was stunned to find an entire chapter on Hazara history. An  entire chapter dedicated to Hassan’s people! In it, I read that my people, the Pashtoons, had  persecuted and oppressed the Hazaras. It said the Hazaras had tried to rise against the  Pashtoons in the nineteenth century, but the Pashtoons had â€Å"quelled them with unspeakable  violence.  (Kite Runner, p 9) This is no easy revelation to a child. Difficult to grasp the extent of racial tension and subjugation, of a horrendous history separating him from a childhood friend, almost a bond brother if not a loyal servant. This as mentioned earlier is the difficult part. Is Amir, undergoing a change as a benevolent master or into egalitarian person? The climactic culmination of the this relationship is portrayed in the kite contest wherein Hassan is the kite runner of Amir. Take note that the relationship of master-servant did not change so are the dreams of children. Winning contests or making a name to make someone happy. In this case, Amir wants to impress his father so he joined the contest. In one part of the novel is this passage showing that the relationship is still is master and servant. This is important in the understanding the construct of the Kite Runner. Finally, I had my kite in hand. I wrapped the loose string that had collected at my feet around the spool, shook a few more hands, and trotted home. When I reached the wroughtiron gates, Ali was waiting on the other side. He stuck his hand through the bars. â€Å"Congratulations,† he said. 1 gave him my kite and spool, shook his hand. â€Å"Tashakor, Ali jan.† â€Å"I was praying for you the whole time.† â€Å"Then keep praying. We’re not done yet.† (Kite Runner, p 67)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ali, here is the father of Hassan, note Amir’s dialogue: â€Å"I gave him my kite and spool, shook his hand.† It is plainly, a lad in confidence talking to a servant, as if saying, here take care of this will you? Like what Batman would have done with Alfred after a caper. â€Å"Here Alfred, take care of my boomerang will you?† The following passage shows the blissful innocence in triumph.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I hurried back to the street. I didn’t ask Ali about Baba. I didn’t want to see him yet. In my head, I had it all planned: I’d make a grand entrance, a hero, prized trophy in my bloodied hands. Heads would turn and eyes would lock†¦ Then the old warrior would walk to the young one, embrace   him, acknowledge his Worthiness. (Kite Runner, p 67)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The prize trophy being referred here is a blue kit which Amir won. Hassan is tasked to recover the prize in a kite war. But succeeding events in an otherwise happy occasion of winning which Amir wanted to share with Hassan is not allowed by the author and the illusion of a champion in kiting as clashed with reality is painted squarely by Hosseini when Hassan was violated by Assef, the nemesis of Amir who would figure as the dark symbol of the grim world of Afghanistan at the rise of the Talibans in the 80’s. The sexual violation or rape of Hassan, perhaps symbolizes the subjugation by use of powerful force over another. In one scene, perhaps to zero in on a contradiction in Afghan culture, Hosseini weaved this passage describing Amir as he looks for Hassan shortly after the kite contest and shortly before witnessing the violation of Hassan.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   By the time I reached the marketplace a few blocks away, from the Haji Yaghoub Mosque, the mullahbellowed azan, calling for the faithful to unroll their rugs and bow their heads west in prayer. Hassan never missed any of the five daily prayers. Even when we were out playing, he’d excuse himself, draw water from the well in the yard, wash up, and disappear into the hut. He’d come out a few minutes later, smiling, find me sitting against the wall or perched on a tree. He was going to miss prayer tonight, though, because of me. (Kite Runner, p 68)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Here in this passage, Hassan is picture as a devotee of Haj Yaghoub Mosque, religious, true to his faith innocent. A simple child devoted to a friend performing for him the task of a kite runner. He performed his task and recovered the blue kite of Amir but was intercepted by Assef.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Amir saw the whole episode but did nothing.   Here is a symbolic twist in the novel.   The incapacity of Amir to act to protect not only Hassan but himself. As we noted earlier, Amir is both a master and a friend of Hassan in terms of relationships, cultural and personal. As a master, he backed down to the superior force of Assef and friends, he knows he could not win so he whimpers just watching. As a friend, he suffered internally at the sight of the violation.   The illusion of triumph in the kite contest shattered. When kites are let loose The resolution of the tale of ethnic strife Kite Runner is framed by the author in the succeeding generation. It would be the redemption of Amir, when he rescued Hassan’s child who was taken captive by Assef who became a Taliban official. Amir was able to escape to California with his wife and Hassan’s child. Hassan was revealed to have been killed by the Taliban. As far as handling the themes of conflict and its resolution, the Kite Runner showed us symbolically, how change is almost impossible in an ancient setting.   It would take perhaps generation after generation to a society more tolerant of each other’s differences.   The novel is rich in symbols. The kite is highly symbolic, there is a thread that keeps it afloat, there is the wind. Cutting loose has significant meaning as when Amir decides to escape to California. The kite of Amir has crossed the continents, from the ancient to the modern or post modern California. We are then left with one question, authenticity. It is not the objective of this paper to analyze what is Afghan culture and conflicts which tearing the country apart in flare ups of violence, we could only view the novel as woven by the author. Though in many ways, ethnic or racial discrimination has been a plague of mankind, and even stable techno-scientific economies has their share of racial disharmony and bigotry. Apartheid was just recently abolished in South Africa and there are racial and ethnic strifes in Eastern Europe. What Kite Runner did is to open our eyes to such problems and maybe in the future, youthful dreams would come true. Reference Hosseini, Khaled,   Kite Runner http://rahapen.org/RAHA_Literary_criticism_safar_hanifi2.htm (1 of 8)5/6/2006 1:30:29 PM RAHA PEN: A quick glance on Novel† The Kite Runnner† WIKEPEDIA.com

Friday, January 3, 2020

Strategic Analysis of Bus Maker on a different Route - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4810 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Strategic management is an important part of an organization in regard of preparing and organizing well structured and well managed strategies for running the business. In this way, many aspects are included to identify the impact on strategic management of the firm. Wrightbus is founded in 1946 that is a bus and coach builder firm that works in UK market. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Strategic Analysis of Bus Maker on a different Route" essay for you Create order It was the family owned business of Mr. Wright his father Robert Wright and his son. There are many factors those impacted the strategic management of the firm. In this, organizational structure, management style and culture are the main points. The firm follows traditional values and cultural principles to run its business. It has a positive impact on the strategic management along with the little bit negative impact. Wrightbus focuses on the innovation and technological advancement that is a positive point for the firm. So, the firm has many strategic options to develop its strategies like, Porters five force model, CAGE model, Ansoff matrix, competitor analysis framework and market entry mode to enter in the international market. To consolidate and develop the operations and export activities in the US market, the firm has many options like, SWOT analysis, PESTEL analysis, Critical success factors, Value chain analysis and BCG matrix. These will help the firm to develop its ope rations in the US market. Table of Contents 3 Introduction 3 Critical Analysis 4 Strategic Option 11 Consolidating and Developing Activities 15 Consolidating Activities in the UK market 15 Develop Operation Activities in United State 18 Conclusion 22 References 23 Introduction In the global era of competition, strategic management plays a profound role in managing the organization in well structured way to attain the sustainable competitive advantage and position. The main purpose of the strategic management in an organization is to analyze and aware the firm and management about the internal and external factors for developing effective and strong marketing strategies (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson 2009). Alignment of corporate policies with the strategic priorities in a better way is the main objective of the strategic management. In the report, strategic business environment and their impact on Wrightbus Company are analyzed. Wrightbus Company is founded in 1946 by Mr. Wright and his father Robert Wright. The firm deals in providing bodies of buses or vehicles. The firm follows traditional values for running its business (Katsioloudes 2006). There will be a discussion about the impact of organizational structure, culture and management style on the stra tegic management of the firm. Strategic options for developing international business of the firm are also discussed. There will be also discussion on the effective strategies to the firm for growing export in US and international market (Brunninge, Nordqvist Wiklund 2007). Answer 1 Critical Analysis Analysis of Organizational Structure, Management Style and Culture To analyze the impact of organizational structure, management style and culture on the Wrightbuss strategic management, many aspects are included. These are as follow: Organizational Structure and Corporate Governance: Organizational structure refers to a framework that involves coordination, supervision and task allocation. In the organizational structure of an organization, power distribution and management of the firm are included that affect the strategic management of an organization (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson 2009). Mainly in the organizational structure five steps are included that have great impact on the strategic management of the firm. These are formalization, centralization, integration, complication and institutionalization. These affect the strategic management of the firm. Governance signifies to the protection of the interest of shareholders by following governance devices. In this, many a spects like, internal and external stakeholders are included those affect the strategic management of the firm (Katsioloudes 2006). As stated in the case that Wrightbus follows traditional organizational structure that is not fit according to the present business environment. Along with this, the firm follows employees welfare programs to protect the interest of its employees (Brunninge, Nordqvist Wiklund 2007). The organizational structure and governance of Wrightbus might impact the firms strategy positively and negatively. If the management will follow modern organizational structure and governance activities for the firm, it might affect positively to strategic management of the firm in terms dividing power and other tasks in the firm according to the interest areas of the employees (Brunninge, Nordqvist Wiklund 2007). On the other hand, if the firm will not follow effective organizational structure and corporate governance to run its business, it might negatively impact on the firms strategic management in terms of poor strategic management. It might negatively result in the form of loss or low profit (Katsioloudes 2006). Leadership style and Approach: Leadership style shows to the way of treating or guiding the employees or subordinates to do better job. Leadership style and approach also affect the strategic management of the firm. As discussed in the case that the firm uses participative leadership style to treat employees and making more effective work to achieve organizational goals (Zastrow Zastrow 2008). If the firm will follow innovative or creative leadership approach to run its business, it might affect positively to Wrightbuss strategic management in terms of supporting its strategies to attain the goals of the firm. On the other side, if the firm does not follow appropriate leadership style and approach to treat its employees, it might negatively impact on the firms strategic management in terms of failure of the strategies (Harris on St. John 2008). Core Competencies and Source of Competitive Advantage: Core competencies refer to the position for a firm that is not possible for its competitors to imitate. It shows the collection of skills and technologies of the firm to fulfill the needs and provide benefits to its customers (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson 2009). Competitive advantage refers to the position of the firm in the competitive industry. There are many sources to gain competitive advantage like, flexible strategies, resources, capabilities and skills. In the case, it is shown that the firm uses traditional business strategy and after it adopts modern strategy to attain competitive position in the competitive working environment (Drejer 2002). Core competencies and sources might also affect Wrightbuss strategic management. If the firm will adopt flexible strategies to run its business sand distribute tasks in the firm, it might result positively in terms of strong strategic management. If the fir m will not adopt or use these aspects in right manner, it might result negatively in terms of poor strategic management and also affect the strategies of the firm (Drejer 2002). Cultural norms and values: Cultural norms and values indicate to the beliefs, values and ideas of the people or employees in an organization. In the organizational cultural norms, sharing of the information and data are included. In Wrightbus, cultural norms and values might impact on the strategic management. It might impact positively or negatively to the strategic management of the firm on the basis of cultural environment in the organization (Schuler Jackson 1999). In this way, common and shared cultural norms and values might impact positively on the strategic management of Wrightbus through supporting its strategies to attain competitive advantage. At the same time, different and unshared cultural values might harmfully impact on the strategic management through creating conflicts among the e mployees. So, cultural norms and values might impact both side to the firms strategic management positively and negatively (Huotari Iivonen 2004). Cultural Web analysis Framework: To understand the effect of cultural impact on organizations strategic management, cultural web analysis model can be used. It will make easy to understand the impact of this factor on the strategic management of Wrightbus (Hartman, Dziuban Moskal 2007). It can be discussed as follows: (Source: The Culture Web 2010) Paradigm: It contains all factors around it those might impact on the strategic management of the firm. These are as follow: Rituals and Routines: In the cultural web model, first element is the rituals and routines. In the rituals and routine, daily basis of actions and behavior of the people are included that indicates to the accepted behavior. It indicates to the expected behavior of the employees in the organizational situation and along with this, the expected behavior by the management of the firm (Elliott, Swartz Herbane 2002). As stated in the case, the workers of Wrightbus make the vehicles partly by hand that is included in the rituals and routines of Wrightbus. It might affect the strategic management of the firm in the case of changing day to day behavior of the employees in terms of implementing strict strategies in the firm (Thomas 2005). Stories: Stories can be anything like past event that is organized by the firm and that being the reason to talk about that by insiders or outsiders of the firm. In this, working environment and attitude of the management towards the employees are considered by the management that being the reason to be stories for the firm. In the case, many aspects are being the cause to be stories like, caring nature of the management of Wrightbus towards its employees (Haynes 2002). Along with this, Wrightbus is known as a buckle on the Bible belt. It also indicates to the stories about Wrightbus among its customers . In this, values and beliefs of the customers are affected by the stories of Wrightbus. It might impact the strategic management of the firm positively and negatively by impacting its customers and employees (Hartman, Dziuban Moskal 2007). Symbols: Symbols is the third element of cultural web model. It indicates to the visual attraction point of the firm in terms of companys representation way, logos and dressing sense or codes. As discussed in the case that Wrightbus has great symbols in terms of having church ground and employee welfare officer that are its effective symbols. It might affect the strategic management of the firm by affecting cultural norms of the customers and employees (Haynes 2002). Power Structures: Power structure is associated with the authority of the firm in manner of distributing power among the employees of the firm. In this, decisions of the management influence the strategies and operations of the firm. In Wrightbus Company, Mr. Wright and some s elected employees have authority to take decisions (Elliott, Swartz Herbane 2002). Power structure might influence positively and negatively on the strategic management of the firm. Organizational Structure: Organizational structure illustrates the distribution of the power along with the relationship status and recognition of the valuable contribution of the employees in the success of the firm. In Wrightbus, decision making power is not centralized and involves all employees to suggest their overview on any decision (Thomas 2005). It might impact optimistically and harmfully on the strategic management of the firm as opposed by the employees of the firm. Control System: Control system is associated with the monitoring management of the firm in the form of financial system, rewards and recognition of the employees. As stated in the case that son of Mr. Wright gave his contribution in the green pastures and donation that indicates its effective control system. It has a positi ve impact on the employees as well as customers mind (Elliott, Swartz Herbane 2002). In accepting or rejecting these, it might impact on strategic management of Wrightbus. McKinsey 7S Framework: To analyze the impact on the strategic management of the firm, McKinsey 7S Framework can be used. In this, hard and soft elements are included. These are as follow: (Source: Joseph/mohapatra 2009) Strategy: Continues improvement and technological development are important aspects of Wrightbuss strategy. In this way, the firm focuses on innovation in producing new buses. Through adopting and applying modernization and changing environment, the firm may produce advanced technical buses and implements modern strategy (Burtonshaw-Gunn 2009). Structure: According to the case, from 1946, Wrightbus is a family owned business (Joseph/mohapatra 2009). Structure of Wrightbus is related with the authority and establishment of the firm. System: In the system of the firm, internal flow of the information is recognized. In Wrightbus Company, information related to any issues or any process that contribute their support in the strategic management flown by meetings and other informative tools. Decentralizations system of Wrightbus is included in this (Cacioppe Edwards 2005). Style: Style is related with the way of influencing the employees of the firm by providing guidance or other way. As discussed in the case that Mr. Wright and Mark Nodder used to organize meetings to address the staff about any decisions of the firm (Joseph/mohapatra 2009). So, change in the style might also impact on the firms strategic management. Staff: In Wrightbus Company, employees are employed according to the strategies of the firm. As stated that Mr. Nodder said in the meeting that 235 employees might have to go from the organization. This change in number of staff might also influence the strategic management (Cacioppe Edwards 2005). Skills: The important and effective skil ls of the firm are its decision making power and its innovation strategy. According to the innovation strategy, the firm produced many hybrid and advanced technological vehicles that was fit into its strategies (Burtonshaw-Gunn 2009). So, deviation in skills might also influence the strategic intents of the firm. Shared Value: Shared values of Wrightbus are very effective and efficient in order to make effective image in the employees and customers mind. Having church ground and environmental initiative programs indicate to the shared value of the firm according to its strategies (Cacioppe Edwards 2005). So, shared value might also influence corporate image of the firm in a positive manner. Answer 2 Strategic Option To find out the strategic option for Wrightbus, different factors should be analyzed by the management to develop effective strategies for entering in the international market. These options are as follow: Porters Five Force Model: To enter in the international market, it is imperative for Wrightbus to identify the attractiveness of the particular industry. For this, porters five force model can be used. The points are as follow: (Source: Carpenter, Bauer Erdogan 2010) Threat of new Entrants: Threat of new entrants depends on the entry barriers available for the particular industry. If the entry barriers are high, threat of new entry barriers are low. On the other side, if entry barriers are low, threat of new entrants are high. It affects the industry attractiveness (Henry 2008). In this industry, due to high competition, threat of new entrants is low, so it indicates to the attractiveness for Wrightbus Company to develop or expand its market. to Threat of Substitu te Product: Threat of substitute can be related with the alternative products. Due high innovative and technological products, threat of substitute products can be increased for Wrightbus. In this, many factors can be the cause of switching by the customers like, price, high technological and aesthetic look of the buses and coaches (Ahlstrom Bruton 2009). So, by producing innovative and hybrid buses, the firm can increase its customer base. Rivalry among Existing Firms: Rivalry among the existing firm is high in this industry due to presence of many competitors. In this industry, many firms work as Wrightbus, Alexander Dennis and other competitors in the UK (Henry 2008). It is threat to the firm. Bargaining Power of Buyers: Bargaining power of the buyers is low in the industry. It is an attractive point for Wrightbus. At the same point, transport authorities are the main buyers of the firm (Ahlstrom Bruton 2009). Bargaining Power of Suppliers: In the industry, bargaining power of supplier is high as compared to buyers due to presence of many companies. It is an unattractive point of the industry (Henry 2008). So, this can be used by the firm as a strategic option to develop the effective strategies for the business and to identify the market attractiveness for the particular industry. CAGE framework Analysis: In the CAGE framework, many factors are included those are important for the firm to analyze, to develop effective and strong strategies for internationalization (Hjort-Madsen 2007).These are as follow: Cultural Differences: It indicates to the beliefs, values and attitude of customers those differ from country to country. It may affect the strategies and products of Wrightbus Company in terms of accepting or rejecting the firms product (Ghemawat 2007). Administrative: It indicates to different working and political environment in different countries. Wrightbus should analyze the working environment before entering in any market (OShea 2007). Geographic: In this, distance among the countries is included that is an important part of the firms strategy. Wrightbus needs to analyze the geographic distance to save the money from shipping and delivering cost and to make effective strategy for internationalization (Hjort-Madsen 2007). Economic Differences: In the economic condition of particular country is included. Wrightbus requires identifying the economic condition of the particular country before entry in international market. It may affect the selling of the products of Wrightbus in terms of disposable income of the customers (Ghemawat 2007). Competitor Retaliation Framework: Competitor retaliation framework is used by the firms to increase the rigorous competition for the close rivals by taking relevant close actions. According to the framework, Wrightbus needs to examine the actions of its close rivals and take appropriate actions for effective internationalization (Beamish Ashford 2006). It w ill help the firm to adopt effectively for successfully running its business in the international market. In this, the firm should introduce hybrid and high technological vehicles to attract the international customers (Combe Botschen 2004). Market Mode Entry Strategies: To enter in the international market, Wrightbus can use different methods. These methods are as follow: Export: The firm can enter in the international market through exporting its vehicles in the foreign countries. In the market, where the demand of the product is high; the firm can enter in that market through exporting its products (Gitman McDaniel 2008). Joint Venture: Joint venture is another strategic option or way to enter in the international market. It is more important option for the firm in terms of minimizing the risk of investment in the foreign market. By using this option, chances of profitability and success will be increased (Onkvisit Shaw 2004). Direct Foreign Investment: Wrightbu s can enter in the international market by investing its money directly in the foreign market. The negative point or aspect of this option is that the risk is increased. On the other side, whole profit will be owned by the firm itself that is the positive factor of this option (Gitman McDaniel 2008). Ansoff Matrix: (Source: Luck 2008) By using Ansoff Matrix, strategic direction for Wrightbus can be analyzed to enter in the international market. Wrightbus focused on the innovation to produce its products in the local market (Luck 2008). To enter in the international market, the firm should focus on the diversification strategy to enter in the new market (Johnson, Scholes Whittington 2009). Through producing hybrid and high technological vehicles those consume less fuel, the firm can enter effectively in the international market. According to the Ansoff Matrix, diversification strategy will be better for the firm (Groucutt 2008). On the basis of above discussion, it can be stated that there are many strategic options for Wrightbus to enter in the international market. By adopting these options and actions, the firm can establish successfully itself in the global marketplace. Answer 3 Consolidating and Developing Activities In order to give effective and efficient recommendation for consolidating and developing activities for Wrightbus in the Northern Ireland and United State market, various characteristics are included. In this, macro and micro environmental analysis and competitors analysis will be included. Part A Consolidating Activities in the UK market For consolidating existing business of Wrightbus in Northern Ireland, different aspects will be included. These are as follow: PESTLE Analysis: From organizing the PESTLE analysis, industrial environment can be identified in Northern Ireland. It will support Wrightbus to consolidate its existing business. Included factors are as follow: Political: In the UK, constitutional monarchy and Commonwealth realm type of government is functioning. Through following this law, the firm can consolidate its business in Northern Ireland or in the UK market (The World Fact Book 2010). Economical: In the UK, per capita income is high that indicates to the positive growth of the firm. Through providing products according to the customers purchasing power, Wrightbus can consolidate its existing business in the UK market (Capdevielle, Li Nogal 2007). Social: In the UK social infrastructure, people like to travel by buses, trains and tubes. So, there is an opportunity for Wrightbus for consolidating its business with transportation firms in the UK market (The World Fact Book 2010). Technological: UK automotive market is most advanced and highly technical. Through producing advanced technological buses and other vehicles, Wrightbus can consolidate its existing business in Northern Ireland and all in the UK market (Capdevielle, Li Nogal 2007). Environment: In the UK, there are many strict rules and pressure on the firms for protecting environment, while producing the products. Through reducing carbon and other wastage, the firm can increase chances of the success of its existing business in the UK market (The World Fact Book 2010). Legal: Legal environment is strict in terms of policies and rules related to buying cars or other personal vehicles. So, the locals prefer to travel in the buses and trains. It is a positive sign for Wrightbus to consolidate its existing business in the UK market (Capdevielle, Li Nogal 2007). Value Chain/Network analysis: By adopting value chain analysis, wrightbus can strengthen its existing business in the UK market. In this way, the firm can add more values in its products as less consuming fuel parts with more effective aesthetic look, etc (Allee 2008). In this, management of the firm as human resource management, marketing research, inbound outbound logistic, technology and development play a fundamental role to manage the value chain of the products in or outside the firm. It will help the firm to increase success of its existing business in the UK market (Schmitz 2005). Growth Share (BCG) matrix: (Source: BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG) GROWTH-SHARE MATRIX 2009) Through adopting BCG matrix, Wrightbus can consolidate its existing business and increase its market share and market growth in the UK market. In this matrix, by using cash in effective manner for generating high market share, the firm can enhance the chances of growth of the business in the UK market. It will be useful for t he firm in the way of getting star position according to the BCG matrix. It will also assist the firm to strengthen its existing business in the UK market through increasing market share and market growth (Boston Consulting Group Growth-Share Matrix 2009). SWOT Analysis: (Source: The SWOT Analysis 2010) By analyzing the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat, Wrightbus can choose and adopt right criteria for consolidating its existing business in the UK market (Bohm 2009). The firm should enhance its strength and address the opportunity in the UK market for consolidating its business in the UK market. Innovation and technological development is the strength of the firm. So, the firm should increase its strength. Following traditional culture to manage the firm is one of the major weaknesses of the firm. So, the firm should minimize its weakness to run the business successfully (Pahl Richter 2009). Expansion of the business is an opportunity for the firm in internati onal market. So, the firm should address and catch this opportunity to consolidate its existing business in the UK market. Competition is a threat for the firm, so, Wrightbus should develop its strategies according to the competitors analysis (Bohm 2009). Part B Develop Operation Activities in United State To develop and enhance the export activities and operations of Wrightbus in the US market, various features are included. These will help the firm to develop its operations and increase market share of the firm in the US market. These are as follow: PESTEL Analysis of US market: In the PESTEL analysis, the firm should identify the environment of the particular country. It will help the firm to adopt and follow appropriate strategies according to the market. These are as follow: Political: The firm should analyze the US market before entering in the market of US. U.S is a demographic country that allows the Constitution-based federal republic type of government for functioning in well manner. In the U.S, capitalistic approach is followed by the firms for running the business. In the U.S market, most of the decisions related to the business are taken by the business honors for running their business (Capdevielle, Li Nogal 2007). So, the firm should follow this approach for developing the business and operations in the U.S market. By adopting or following English common law, Wrightbus can enhance the export and operational activities in the U.S market (The World Fact Book 2010). Economical: United State is one of the powerful economies in the world. In the U.S, per capita income of individual is high. It is a positive sign for Wrightbus Company to start the business and develop its operations in the U.S market to expand its business in the international market. Percentage of people who leave below poverty line is also low in the U.S. So, the firm should develop its strategies according to the economical environment of the U.S market (Burkardt 2010). Social: United State is a third largest country in the population. In the U.S market, customers prefer branded services and products for buying or availing. Quality is more concern rather than price in the U.S market. So, the firm should provide its products according to the customers preferences and tastes. It will help Wrightbus to develop its export activities and operations in the US market (The World Fact Book 2010). Technological: United State is advanced technological country. In the U.S market, mostly people like to travel in the hybrid and most advanced technological buses, trains and other vehicles. So, the firm should produce hybrid and highly technological buses to attract the customers. It will help the firm to enhance the export activities and operations in the US market (Capdevielle, Li Nogal 2007). Environment: In the U.S, there are many rules and policies formulated by the government to protect the environment. So, the firm should adopt many strategies for attracting customers as environmental friendly approach. It will help the firm to establish successfully itself in the U.S market (Burkardt 2010). Legal: In the U.S, English common law is focused by the government to run the business in the U.S market. So, the firm should identify all legal requireme nts in the form of rules and policies before starting business in the U.S market. It will support Wrightbus Company to adopt effective strategies, to increase export activities and operations in the U.S market (The World Fact Book 2010). So, the firm should analyze the macro environment of the U.S market and adopt marketing strategies according to the current trends and governmental policies in the U.S market. It will help Wrightbus to successfully establish itself and increasing export activities and operations in the U.S market in the well structured form. Critical Success Factors: (Source: Culture of Accountability n.d.) The firm should increase knowledge management by using critical success factors model. It will assist the firm to identify those areas that are needed to more improvement. In this, many factors or indicators will be included. These factors are as follow: Leadership Factor: Wrightbus should hire the capable leader that can hold the whole responsibil ity in an effective manner. Leader should take appropriate decisions to run the business in the U.S market (Bluckert 2005). Cultural Factor: Management of Wrightbus should focus on the cultural factor to adopt appropriate strategies to develop the operations in the U.S market through increasing sales and export activities. In this, the firm should produce its products according to the cultural beliefs and values. It will support the management of the firm in the U.S market in terms of increasing operations (Patrick, Rourke Phillips 2007). Management Factors: Management factors indicate to the human resource and other technical support those are important for organizing effectively to run the business in the U.S market. The firm should manage its operations and other ways to increase export activities and operations in the U.S market (Bluckert 2005). Relationship with Stakeholders: To increase export activities and operations in the U.S market, the firm should maintain its relationship with internal and external stakeholders in an effective way. It will enlarge the global image of the firm in the USA market (Patrick, Rourke Phillips 2007). On the basis of above discussion, it is stated that by using critical analysis factor model, Wrightbus can identify best suitable conditions and strategies for enhancing export activities and operations in the U.S market (Bluckert 2005). Conclusion From the above discussion, it is inferred that strategic management plays a crucial role in the success and failure of the firm in the local and international market. As discussed that many factors like, organizational structure, culture and management style of the firms have a great impact on the strategic management of the firm in positive and negative manner. It depends on the way of adopting these factors. Many aspects support the firm to adopt appropriate strategies according to the business environment in the particular country.